In the case of a lathe, axis names (coordinate words) and directions are defined as follows.
The axis at right angles to the spindle
　 Axis name: X axis
The axis parallel to the spindle
　 Axis name: Z axis
Coordinate axes and polarities
Since coordinates based on the right hand rule are used with a lathe, in the above figure, the positive direction
of the Y axis which is at right angles to the X-Z plane is downward.
Note that a circular on the X-Z plane is expressed as clockwise or counterclockwise as seen from the forward
direction of the Y axis.
(Refer to the section on circular interpolation.)
(a) Spindle stock
(b) Tailstock
(c) Tool
(d) Turret
+X
+Y
+Z
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)